• A study estimates 477 snow leopards in Ladakh, representing 68% of India's total, making it the region with the world's highest density of snow leopards.
• The study utilized camera traps, AI-powered image analysis, and a 'fingerprinting' method to identify individual snow leopards based on spot patterns.
• While Ladakh's snow leopard population thrives, emerging threats like climate change, infrastructure development, and tourism could impact their habitat.

A recent study conducted by the Department of Wildlife Protection has revealed that Ladakh, India, is home to the world's highest density of snow leopards. The study, part of the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI), estimates that 477 snow leopards reside in Ladakh, constituting 68% of India's total snow leopard population. This discovery highlights Ladakh's importance as a global sanctuary for these elusive creatures, with the region's rugged terrain, low human intervention, and diverse prey base contributing to the high snow leopard density.

• What: A comprehensive study estimates the snow leopard population in Ladakh, revealing it as the region with the world's highest density of these animals.
• Who: The study was led by Pankaj Raina from the Department of Wildlife Protection in Ladakh, in collaboration with the Ladakh Forest Department, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, the Wildlife Institute of India, and the Nature Conservation Foundation.
• When: The study was published in early May 2025. Field work occurred prior to that date, using camera traps over an extended period.
• Where: The study focused on a 59,000 km² landscape in northern India, specifically Ladakh, with camera traps deployed over 8,500 km².

The study's findings underscore Ladakh's critical role in snow leopard conservation. The region's unique combination of rugged terrain, low human population density, and abundant prey base provides an ideal habitat for these elusive cats. The 'fingerprinting' method using AI represents a significant advancement in snow leopard monitoring. The study highlights the importance of community-based conservation models in reducing conflict between snow leopards and local communities. However, emerging threats such as climate change, increasing tourism, and infrastructure development pose challenges to the long-term survival of snow leopards in Ladakh.

To photograph snow leopards’ foreheads, we had to make them pose in front of our cameras. This was done by spraying a small amount of perfume just below the cameras that were deployed near their favored scent marking rocks on the high ridge tops. The curious leopards lower their heads to smell the novel smell and we have our prized photos!

Ladakh has emerged as a vital stronghold for snow leopard populations, boasting the highest density of these elusive creatures globally. While current numbers are encouraging, long-term conservation efforts must address emerging threats such as climate change, tourism, and infrastructure development. Integrating local knowledge with advanced technology and promoting sustainable ecotourism are crucial for ensuring the continued survival of snow leopards in this unique region.